Key result
Subjects controlling respiration with respiratory feedback showed higher heart-rate increases and decreases compared to subjects in the other six conditions.
Why the study?
Does respiratory feedback improve the ability to control heart rate compared to direct heart-rate feedback or instructions alone?
Does respiratory feedback improve the ability to control heart rate compared to direct heart-rate feedback or instructions alone?
Controlling respiration with respiratory feedback is more effective for modulating heart rate than direct heart-rate feedback.
Respiratory feedback may enhance experimental heart-rate control; leaves open clinical biofeedback utility pending higher-level trials.
Subjects received one of eight treatments: practice at increasing heart rate with heart-rate feedback, practice at decreasing heart rate with heart-rate feedback, practice at increasing heart rate without heart-rate feedback, practice at decreasing heart rate without heart-rate feedback, practice at increasing respiration rate with respiratory feedback, practice at decreasing respiration rate with respiratory feedback, practice at increasing respiration rate with respiratory instructions only, practice at decreasing respiration rate with respiratory instructions only. Heart rate, Respiration rate, and Respiration depth were measured. Analysis indicated that subjects who controlled respiration with respiratory feedback reliably increased and decreased heart rate; subjects who controlled respiration with respiratory instructions only reliably increased but not decreased heart rate; subjects in the respiratory-feedback conditions showed higher heart-rate increase and decrease than heart-rate increase and decrease of subjects in the other six conditions.
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Pascalis et al. (1986) studied this question. Feedback control of respiration vs. Heart-rate feedback or instructions only was evaluated on Changes in heart rate. Subjects controlling respiration with respiratory feedback showed higher heart-rate increases and decreases compared to subjects in the other six conditions.
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