The complete-mixing activated-sludge process has been shown to have definite advantages over the conventional activated-sludge process for treating liquid wastes, especially industrial wastes. There are three basic complete-mixing systems: (1) Aeration only, (2) excess sludge in effluent, and (3) separate sludge wasting. Mathematical equations are presented to permit complete evaluation of the three systems. The mathematical equations contain various constants that have been evaluated on the basis of existing data.
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Ross E. McKinney (1963) studied this question.