Knowledge and Awareness Regarding Hepatitis B among Medical Students in Kabul, Afghanistan: Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) impose a major public health problem with an increased risk of occupational exposure among unvaccinated health care workers. We aimed to determine the level of knowledge and awareness of medical, midwifery, dentistry and medical technology students regarding hepatitis B virus and vaccination in Kabul, Afghanistan. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in three medical institutions and universities using a convenient sampling in Afghanistan in 2023. A Structured self-administered questionnaire were used regarding awareness about prevention, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment and vaccination availability for HBV. Results: A total of 200 students participated, comprising 106 (53.0%) males and 94 (47.0%) females, with an almost even distribution among the fields of study. 63.5% of participants had correct knowledge regarding prevention, transmission antigen and anti-body, treatment of HBV. Conclusion: The findings indicate a concerning gap in vaccination coverage and knowledge dissemination among medical students. Enhancing educational programs and implementing comprehensive vaccination initiatives are essential to improve awareness and safety practices related to hepatitis B infection. Future longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the impact of academic interventions on students' knowledge and vaccination rates.