Weight Gain, Hypertension, and the Emergence of a Maladaptive Cardiovascular Phenotype Among US Football Players
Key result
Over 3 years of collegiate US football participation, weight gain was significantly associated with the development of concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.05-1.14; P<0.001).
Why the study?
Former US football athletes have increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but responsible maladaptive cardiovascular phenotypes have not been fully characterized across collegiate participation.
Does seasonal US football exposure lead to maladaptive cardiovascular phenotypes in collegiate athletes?
Population
126 collegiate US football athletes from 2 NCAA Division I programs
Comparison
Seasonal US football exposure across serial years
Design
Prospective longitudinal cohort study
Follow-up
3 complete years
Authors
Discussion
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Member takes
Implication
Weight gain in collegiate football may promote concentric LVH; leaves open whether interventions mitigate this observational risk.
Study Design
Type
Cohort (n=126)
Multicenter
Yes
Structured PICO
Does seasonal US football exposure lead to maladaptive cardiovascular phenotypes in collegiate athletes?
P
Population
126 male collegiate US football athletes followed for 3 years to assess cardiovascular risk factors and maladaptive phenotypes.
E
Exposure
Seasonal US football exposure, including training, competition, and the training environment over 3 years.
O
Outcome
Left ventricular mass index and geometry (cardiac structure), early diastolic myocardial relaxation velocity (E'; diastolic function), and pulse-wave velocity (arterial stiffness).surrogate
Main Result
Odds Ratio: 1.09 (95% CI 1.05–1.14)
p-value: p=<.001
Collegiate US football participation over 3 years is associated with weight gain and increased systolic blood pressure, which correlate with arterial stiffening and concentric left ventricular hypertrophy.
Cite This Study
Kim et al. (2019) conducted a cohort in Cardiovascular risk (n=126). Seasonal US football exposure was evaluated on left ventricular mass index and geometry, early diastolic myocardial relaxation velocity, and pulse-wave velocity (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.05-1.14, p=<.001). Over 3 years of collegiate US football participation, weight gain was significantly associated with the development of concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.05-1.14; P<0.001).