Key result
Switching from a high-salt to a low-salt diet significantly attenuated norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction (-34.13% vs -50.48%, p=0.0257) in the mesenteric small arteries of salt-sensitive rats.
Why the study?
Salt restriction and ACE inhibitors are essential treatments for salt-sensitive hypertension, but their effect on the function of resistance arteries is unclear.
Does salt restriction and benazepril improve mesenteric small artery responsiveness in Dahl salt-sensitive rats?
Does salt restriction and benazepril improve mesenteric small artery responsiveness in Dahl salt-sensitive rats?
Salt restriction and ACE inhibitor treatment significantly improve high salt intake-induced mesenteric small artery dysfunction in a rat model of salt-sensitive hypertension.
Low-salt diet may improve vascular responsiveness in salt-sensitive rat models; leaves open human translation and benazepril effects.
For salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH), salt restriction and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are essential treatments, but their effect on the function of resistance arteries is unclear. Here, we present an intravital study to detect the effect of salt restriction and ACE inhibitors on the function of the mesenteric small artery (MSA) in SSH. Dahl salt-sensitive rats were randomized into the following groups: ACE inhibitor gavage, salt restriction, ACE inhibitor combined with salt restriction, and high-salt diet. After a 12-week intervention, the mesenteric vessels maintained their perfusion in vivo, and the changes in the diameter and blood perfusion of the MSAs to norepinephrine (NE) and acetylcholine (ACh) were detected. Switching from a high-salt diet to a low-salt diet (i.e., salt restriction) attenuated the vasoconstriction of the MSAs to NE and promoted the vasodilatation to ACh, while ACE inhibitor improved the vasodilatation more obviously. Pathologically, changes in local ACE, AT1R, and eNOS expression were involved in these processes induced by a high-salt diet. Our study suggests that salt restriction and ACE inhibitor treatment improve high salt intake-induced MSA dysfunction in SSH, and salt restriction is a feasible and effective treatment. Our findings may provide a scientific basis for the treatment of hypertension.
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Li et al. (2023) studied Salt-sensitive hypertension (n=34). Salt restriction (low-salt diet) and/or Benazepril vs. High-salt diet (8% NaCl) was evaluated on Maximum percentage reduction in mesenteric small artery inner diameter after norepinephrine administration (p=0.0257). Switching from a high-salt to a low-salt diet significantly attenuated norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction (-34.13% vs -50.48%, p=0.0257) in the mesenteric small arteries of salt-sensitive rats.
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