Key result
Patients with schizophrenia exhibited significantly reduced cortical activation in the left midfrontal area (6.9 vs 36.7 mmol*mm, p<0.01) and right inferior parietal area compared to healthy controls during the concentration card game.
Why the study?
Does cortical activation during the card game 'concentration' differ between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls?
Case-Control (n=48)
No
Does cortical activation during the card game 'concentration' differ between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls?
Schizophrenia patients exhibit reduced lateralization of cortical activation during a working memory card game, which correlates with negative symptom severity.
Cortical hypoactivation during cognitive tasks in schizophrenia supports biomarker research; leaves open clinical utility without prospective validation.
Various functional imaging studies have demonstrated reduced lateralization of cortical activation during neurocognitive tasks in schizophrenia. -A well-known card game, "concentration", reflects working memory (WM). We compared characteristics of hemodynamic changes in the prefrontal to temporo-parietal areas of the brain during this card game between 24 outpatients with schizophrenia and 24 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects. Using multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy, we measured relative changes in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (oxy-Hb changes), which reflects brain activity during this task. Patients showed reduced lateralization in the midfrontal area, which is involved in executive functions, and in the inferior parietal area, involved in WM subcomponents. We also found a significant negative correlation between left midfrontal region oxy-Hb changes and severity of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Our results characterized disease-related features, suggesting the usefulness of oxy-Hb change measurement during this card game for assessing functional outcome in schizophrenic patients.
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Fujiki et al. (2012) conducted a case-control in Schizophrenia (n=48). Schizophrenia vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on Oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) changes in the left midfrontal area (left ch 11) during the concentration card game (p=<0.01). Patients with schizophrenia exhibited significantly reduced cortical activation in the left midfrontal area (6.9 vs 36.7 mmol*mm, p<0.01) and right inferior parietal area compared to healthy controls during the concentration card game.
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