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This research intends to design and simulation a model of "Lead-acid battery" using OrCAD PSPICE. It can be used for most renewable energy systems applications. The circuit simulator PSPICE is used to compose battery model at Voc 12V, Isc 4.8A, and six cells at 25 C. This model has treated the battery parameters as the SOC, battery voltage and temperature of the battery at a charge and discharge state.
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Raji et al. (2020) studied this question.
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