Key result
Cigarette smoking was strongly associated with increased carotid intimal layer thickness, which was observed in 100% of smokers compared to 41.7% of non-smokers.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to evaluate intimal vessel wall thickness in smokers compared with non-smokers, as well as the surgical management of stenosis.
Is cigarette smoking associated with increased intimal layer thickness of carotid arteries, and what are the outcomes of surgical management for severe stenosis?
Observational (n=55)
No
Is cigarette smoking associated with increased intimal layer thickness of carotid arteries, and what are the outcomes of surgical management for severe stenosis?
Chronic smoking is strongly associated with increased intimal thickness of carotid arteries, and carotid endarterectomy yields good short-term results for patients with >70% stenosis.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Smoking cessation may mitigate carotid atherosclerosis risk; extends observational associations but leaves causal and surgical implications open.
Objectives: Aim of this study is to evaluate the intimal vessel wall thickness in smoker and their co-relation with non-smoker and also surgical management of stenosis. Material and Methods: It is a prospective study of 55 cases. Study span and follow up duration were 4 months. Our patients were presented with the history of CVA (Cerebrovascular accident), hypertension, diabetes, and headache. Results: In all patients, the carotid doppler ultrasound was done and their intimal vessel wall thickness was noted. Our 78% patients were smoker and non-smoker was 22%. In our study, 52% patients had CVA, 41% patients had hypertension, 30% patients had headache and 9% patients were also obese. Forty three smokers used to take 15 – 25 cigarettes daily. Among 43 patients, 5 patients were females. In carotid Doppler study, intimal thickness was increased in 87%, the plaque was observed in 49% and stenosis was observed in 38% cases. In 18 % patients, who had stenosis > 70%, carotid endarterectomy was performed and in rest of the patients medical treatment done.Patients who were chronic smokers and had medical co-morbidities showed greater thickness of intimal layer of vessels on carotid Doppler. In 6 patients, post-operative headache occurred. Conclusion: Smokers had more thickness of intimal layer of carotid vessels. Carotid endarterectomy yields good results in case of stenosis more than 70%.
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Mahmood et al. (2020) conducted an observational in Cerebrovascular accident, hypertension, diabetes, and headache (n=55). Cigarette smoking vs. Non-smokers was evaluated on Increased intimal vessel wall thickness. Cigarette smoking was strongly associated with increased carotid intimal layer thickness, which was observed in 100% of smokers compared to 41.7% of non-smokers.
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