Optimizing Load Frequency Control of Micro-grid using Black Widow Optimization Algorithm

This paper investigates the application of advanced optimization algorithms, namely the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Black Widow Optimization Algorithm (BWOA), for tuning Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers in load frequency control (LFC) systems. The study explores the performance of controllers under various tuning strategies, including the conventional Ziegler-Nichols method, PSO, and BWOA, focusing on power generation, power deviation, and frequency deviation. The BWOA, inspired by the hunting and survival strategies of black widow spiders, emerges as a promising optimization method, showcasing superior performance compared to traditional and contemporary approaches. The results demonstrate that BWOA-tuned controllers exhibit enhanced dynamic response, stability, and efficiency in load frequency control systems.