Key result
Inoculation with the SDSX1 isolate of FAdV-4 caused 100% mortality in one-day-old chicks within 5 days, inducing typical inclusion body hepatitis and hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome.
Why the study?
Since July 2015, Fowl adenovirus species C infection with Hepatitis-Hydropericardium syndrome was prevalent in chicken flocks in China, prompting evaluation of the phylogenetic information, genetic mutations, and pathogenicity of a newly isolated strain.
Absolute Event Rate: 100% vs 0%
p-value: p=<0.0001
The FAdV-4 isolate SDSX1 is highly pathogenic, causing 100% mortality and typical inclusion body hepatitis and hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in one-day-old chicks.
New FAdV-4 isolate from affected Chinese broilers supports surveillance; leaves open questions on fiber-2 mutations and vaccine updates.
Since July in 2015, an emerging infectious disease, Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) species C infection with Hepatitis-Hydropericardium syndrome was prevalent in chicken flocks in China. In our study, one FAdV strain was isolated from commercial broiler chickens and was designated as SDSX1.The phylogenetic information, genetic mutations and pathogenicity of SDSX1 were evaluated. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that SDSX1 is a strain of serotype 4, FAdV-C. The amino acid analysis of fiber-2 showed that there were more than 20 mutations compared with the non-virulent FAdV-C strains. The pathogenic evaluation of SDSX1 showed that the mortality of one-day-old chickens inoculated SDSX1 was 100%. The typical histopathological changes of SDSX1 were characterized by the presence of basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes. The virus copies in different tissues varied from107 to 1011 per 100 mg tissue and liver had the highest virus genome copies. In conclusion, the isolate SDSX1, identified as FAdV-4, could cause one-day-old chicks’ typical inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) and hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) with 100% mortality. The virus genome loads were the highest in the liver. Molecular analysis indicated that substitutions in fiber-2 proteins may contribute to the pathogenicity of SDSX1.
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Li et al. (2018) studied Fowl adenovirus 4 infection (Hepatitis-Hydropericardium syndrome) (n=20). SDSX1 virus (FAdV-4) vs. PBS (mock inoculation) was evaluated on Mortality (p=<0.0001). Inoculation with the SDSX1 isolate of FAdV-4 caused 100% mortality in one-day-old chicks within 5 days, inducing typical inclusion body hepatitis and hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome.
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