Systematic review demonstrates improved friction and wear reduction with nano-lubricant additives, highlighting mechanisms like tribofilm formation.
Key Points
To systematically evaluate and consolidate recent literature on the performance, mechanisms, and applications of nanoparticle additives in lubrication systems.
Followed PRISMA guidelines to search Scopus and Web of Science databases for peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2023 and 2025.
Screened and included 129 relevant studies evaluating nanoparticle additives in tribological applications for detailed analysis.
Nanoparticles including metal oxides, carbon-based nanostructures, and layered materials substantially reduce friction and wear while enhancing thermal stability.
Performance improvements occur primarily through mechanisms such as tribofilm formation, rolling or mending effects, and tribochemical reactions.
Identified critical research gaps, particularly significant variations in experimental methodologies and an absence of long-term durability assessments.