Key result
Among 30 pregnant women with cardiac disease, maternal mortality was 13.33%, and 37.5% of neonates required NICU admission.
Why the study?
Cardiac disease is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, prompting an evaluation of maternal complications, mode of delivery, and fetal complications in affected pregnancies.
Observational (n=30)
No
Pregnancy with cardiac disease carries significant risks, with a 13.3% maternal mortality rate and high rates of adverse fetal outcomes, highlighting the need for pre-conceptional counseling.
High maternal-fetal risks in small cohort warrant caution; leaves open optimal preconception strategies pending larger studies.
Objective(S): Cardiac disease is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in both antepartum as well as in postpartum period. Incidence of heart disease with pregnancy is <1%. Aim of this study is to determine maternal complications with heart disease, mode of delivery & fetal complications. Materials & Methodology: This is a retrospective study conducted at Gopinath Maternity Home, Sir-T Hospital, Bhavnagar. From May 2020- April 2021. All pregnant women with various cardiac disease (previously established or diagnosed during pregnancy) who came to labor room or OPD are included. Result: 30 pregnant women out of 2683 deliveries were identified with cardiac disease giving prevalence of 1.12% in this study. 15(50%) women belonging to NYHA class-1 & 8(26.6%) belonged to NYHA class 2. Class 3(3 patients =10%) & class 4(4patients= 13.3%) were admitted immediately. 18(60%) women were case of valvular heart disease, out of which 12(66.6%) cases were of RHD, 2(11.1%) were MS, 3(16.6%) AS, 1(5.5%) MR. 10(33.33%) cases were congenital heart disease. Maternal mortality were 4(13.33%). Out of 30 cases, 18(69.2%) women had LSCS, 6(23.07%) had vaginal delivery,2(7.7%) had vaccum & 3(10.3%) had abortion. Out of 26 deliveries 2(7.7%) were IUFD, 6(23.07%) Preterm, 7(26.9%) IUGR. Total there were 9(37.5%) NICU admissions. Conclusion: Prognosis of pregnancy with heart disease has improved but management of it is still a challenge for obstetricians. Pre-conceptional counseling plays an important role by benefiting women with severe heart disease and thus help in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality.
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Bafna et al. (2021) conducted an observational in Pregnancy with cardiac disease (n=30). Cardiac disease was evaluated on Maternal mortality. Among 30 pregnant women with cardiac disease, maternal mortality was 13.33%, and 37.5% of neonates required NICU admission.
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