Magnetoelectric properties of PVDF-CoFe 2O 4 composite films obtained by 3D printing

In this paper, we have investigated piezoelectric, magnetic and magnetoelectric properties of composite materials, consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix and CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles in the form of filament extrusion and 3D printed films. We used PVDF powders from different manufacturers each with different molecular weights and phase compositions. For PVDF with lower molecular weight and higher electroactive phase content of the, we observed that approximately 80 % of the electroactive phase in the starting polymer was effectively transferred to the printed films through all technological stages. The composite filaments exhibited ferromagnetic behavior with a large coercive force of 1.7±0.1 kOe consistent with a particle size of about 20 nm. The magnetoelectric coefficient was about 2 mV/(Oe∙cm) for printed composite films from both precursors, which is sufficient for a range of applications including microelectronics and tissue engineering using magnetically stimulated electric fields.