Modelling voltage forced coils using the reduced scalar potential method

The disadvantage of modeling voltage forced coils using the magnetic vector potential is that the structure of this coil must be meshed, and the coil region must be modeled using three variables per node. A scheme based on the method of modeling current sources using a reduced scalar potential is presented. The current becomes an unknown, and an expression for the terminal voltage is derived. This technique removes the difficulties of meshing the source coils. The scheme has been incorporated into the finite element package MEGA and has been used to model actuators under voltage forced conditions with saturating iron components and eddy currents.>