Key result
Apoptosis, autophagic cell death, and necroptosis are distinct programmed cell death pathways that interact and collectively contribute to structural luteolysis in the bovine corpus luteum.
Why the study?
Most studies on luteolysis have focused on apoptosis, but autophagic cell death and necroptosis may also contribute to bovine corpus luteum regression.
This review highlights that structural luteolysis in the bovine corpus luteum is driven not only by apoptosis but also by autophagic cell death and necroptosis.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Extends apoptosis-centric models of bovine luteolysis; leaves open validation in functional studies and cross-species translation.
(PGF) in cattle, is usually divided into two phases, namely functional luteolysis characterized by a decline in P4 concentration and structural luteolysis characterized by the elimination of luteal tissues from the ovary. Programmed cell death (PCD) of luteal cells, including luteal steroidogenic cells (LSCs) and luteal endothelial cells (LECs), plays a crucial role in structural luteolysis. The main types of PCD are caspase-dependent apoptosis (type 1), autophagic cell death (ACD) via the autophagy-related gene (ATG) family (type 2), and receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK)-dependent programmed necrosis (necroptosis, type 3). However, these PCD signaling pathways are not completely independent and interact with each other. Over the past several decades, most studies on luteolysis have focused on apoptosis as the principal mode of bovine luteal cell death. Recently, ATG family members were reported to be expressed in bovine CL, and their levels increased during luteolysis. Furthermore, the expression of RIPKs, which are crucial mediators of necroptosis, is reported to increase in bovine CL during luteolysis and is upregulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines in bovine LSCs and LECs. Therefore, apoptosis, ACD, and necroptosis may contribute to bovine CL regression. In this article, we present the recent findings regarding the mechanisms of the three main types of PCD and the contribution of these mechanisms to luteolysis.
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Hojo et al. (2022) conducted a review in Corpus luteum regression (luteolysis). Programmed cell death (apoptosis, autophagic cell death, necroptosis) was evaluated. Apoptosis, autophagic cell death, and necroptosis are distinct programmed cell death pathways that interact and collectively contribute to structural luteolysis in the bovine corpus luteum.
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