Key result
Elevated plasma levels of IL-6 were significantly associated with premature coronary artery disease, showing a standardized mean difference of 0.51 compared to controls.
Why the study?
Interleukins can act as predictive indicators of premature coronary artery disease, but there is no consensus on the relationship between serum levels of interleukins and premature coronary artery disease.
Do elevated plasma levels of interleukins correlate with premature coronary artery disease in adults (men <55, women <65)?
Meta-Analysis (n=6,809)
Do elevated plasma levels of interleukins correlate with premature coronary artery disease in adults (men <55, women <65)?
Standardized Mean Difference: 0.51 (95% CI 0.12–0.9)
p-value: p=0.010
Elevated plasma levels of IL-6, IL-1, and IL-17 are significantly associated with premature coronary artery disease, suggesting a potential role for inflammatory biomarkers in screening high-risk young patients.
May support IL-6 as biomarker for risk stratification in younger adults; leaves open causal role and need for prospective validation.
Introduction: Interleukins (ILs) can act as a predictive indicator of Premature Coronary Artery Disease (pCAD) and may be useful in screening of high-risk patients. However, there is no consensus on the relationship of serum levels of ILs and pCAD, yet. As a result, this study has been conducted in order to review the literature on the relationship between serum levels of different ILs and pCAD. Methods: 2020. Two reviewers independently screened and summarized eligible articles. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the relationship of ILs and pCAD. Results: 12 case-control articles were included. IL-6 plasma changes do happen in pCAD patients with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.51 (95% CI: 0.12-0.90; p=0.010) compared with the control group. This difference was also observed when evaluating the plasma levels of IL-1 and IL-17, with an SMD of 1.42 (95% CI: 1.11-1.73; p<0.001) and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.14-1.04; p=0.011), respectively. Meanwhile, no significant difference existed in plasma levels of IL-10 (SMD=0.26; 95% CI: -0.17-0.70; p=0.236), and IL-18 (SMD=1.44; 95% CI: -0.19-3.07; p=0.083) between pCAD patients and those in the control group. Conclusion: Low level of evidence showed that there may be a significant relationship between increased plasma levels of ILs and the occurrence of pCAD. As a result, prospective cohort studies with serial assessments of serum ILs during follow up period, focusing on controlling classical risk factors of pCAD and increase in level of ILs, should be conducted.
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Aghajani et al. (2022) conducted a meta-analysis in Premature Coronary Artery Disease (n=6,809). Plasma levels of Interleukins (IL-6) vs. Control group without defined coronary artery stenosis was evaluated on Plasma levels of IL-6 (SMD 0.51, 95% CI 0.12-0.90, p=0.010). Elevated plasma levels of IL-6 were significantly associated with premature coronary artery disease, showing a standardized mean difference of 0.51 compared to controls.
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