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spells of absence than the average, but even when there is verifiable disease the threshold for taking time off work will vary from person to person. Moreover, if patients say that they have migraine or gastroenteritis and describe the right symptoms it is hard to disprove their claims. This difficulty was recognised in 1982 when self certification was introduced for sickness absence lasting up to seven days.
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Edwin Martin (1988) studied this question.
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