Surgical site infection: risk factors

Surgical site infections are some of the most common and costly health care-associated infections. We searched PubMed for articles that talk about surgical site infection, to analyze the information contained in them and synthesize it in the present text. It is estimated that surgical site infections are developed 2 to 5% of patients undergoing surgical procedures per year. They are directly associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality, in fact, they are the leading cause of death in the immediate postoperative period. It is observed in the literature that only 4 measures are recommended by all agencies and institutions: proper hair removal, antibiotic prophylaxis, preparation of the surgical field with alcohol-based product, being recommended in the Most of them are alcoholic chlorhexidine and normothermia. In addition to the measures recommended by international mechanisms, it is essential to control risk factors as much as possible to minimize the possibility of surgical site infection, as well as to follow asepsis and antisepsis measures, as well as proper management. of the surgical wound.