Key result
HIV infection was associated with prolonged Tp-e and Tp-ec intervals and a higher Tp-e/QT ratio compared to healthy controls (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p=0.021, respectively).
Why the study?
Sudden cardiac death is an important contributor to all-cause mortality in HIV-infected patients, but differences in ECG risk stratification markers like Tp-e interval, Tp-ec interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio compared with healthy individuals remained to be investigated.
Are ECG parameters associated with sudden cardiac death risk (Tp-e interval, Tp-ec interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio) altered in HIV-infected patients compared to healthy individuals?
Case-Control (n=160)
Are ECG parameters associated with sudden cardiac death risk (Tp-e interval, Tp-ec interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio) altered in HIV-infected patients compared to healthy individuals?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
HIV-infected patients, particularly those with lower CD4 T-cell counts, exhibit prolonged Tp-e intervals and higher Tp-e/QT ratios, indicating a potentially higher risk for sudden cardiac death that warrants close monitoring.
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) plays an important part in all-cause mortality in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The T-peak to T-end (Tp-e) interval, corrected Tp-e (Tp-ec) interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio on the ECG are parameters used to stratify risk for SCD. The objective of this study was to investigate the differences between HIV-infected patients and healthy individuals in terms of Tp-e interval, Tp-ec interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio, as well as other influencing factors. Ninety-eight HIV-infected patients and 62 healthy controls were included in this prospective case-control study. Tp-e interval, Tp-ec interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio were measured in all participants. Echocardiographic examination and routine laboratory analysis were performed. In addition, CD4 T-cell count and HIV RNA levels were assessed in HIV-infected patients. All baseline characteristics were comparable in both groups. The median survival of those living with HIV was 20.63 months; 53% of them had controlled viral load, and 74% were receiving antiretroviral therapy. Mean baseline CD4 T-cell count was 409. In HIV-infected patients, the Tp-e interval and Tp-ec interval were prolonged, and the Tp-e/QT ratio was higher (p<0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.021, respectively). In bivariate and partial correlation analyses, there was a negative correlation between CD4 T-cell level and Tp-e interval, Tp-ec interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio. Tp-e interval, Tp-ec interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio were greater in HIV-infected patients compared with healthy individuals. HIV-infected patients, particularly those with low baseline CD4 T-cell counts, should be closely monitored due to risk of SCD. A morte súbita cardíaca (MSC) tem um papel importante na mortalidade global dos doentes infetados com VIH. No ECG, o intervalo Tp-e, o intervalo Tp-ec e a relação Tp-e/QT são parâmetros utilizados para a MSC. O objetivo deste estudo consistiu na análise da diferença entre doentes infetados com VIH e indivíduos saudáveis relativamente ao intervalo Tp-e, ao intervalo Tp-ec, à relação Tp-e/QT e aos fatores determinantes. Noventa e oito doentes infetados com VIH e 62 indivíduos saudáveis foram incluídos neste estudo caso-controlo prospectivo. O intervalo Tp-e, o intervalo Tp-ec e a relação Tp-e/QT foram medidos em todos os participantes. Foi realizado um exame ecocardiográfico e foram registadas análises laboratoriais de rotina. Além disso, a contagem de células CD4 T e os níveis de VIH-RNA foram avaliados nos doentes infetados com VIH. Todas as características basais foram comparáveis em ambos os grupos. A sobrevivência média das pessoas com VIH foi de 20,63 meses; 53% dos doentes tiveram a carga viral sob controlo e 74% dos mesmos receberam terapêutica antiretroviral. A média da contagem das células T CD4 basais foi de 409. Nos doentes infetados com VIH, o intervalo Tp-e e o intervalo Tp-ec foram prolongados e a relação Tp-e/QT foi superior (p<0,001, p=0,021, respetivamente). Nas análises de correlação bivariada e parcial, houve uma correlação negativa entre o nível das células CD4 T e o intervalo Tp-e, o intervalo Tp-ec e a relação Tp-e/QT. O intervalo Tp-e, o intervalo Tp-ec e a relação Tp-e/QT foram mais elevados nos doentes infetados com VIH do que nos indivíduos saudáveis. Os doentes infetados com VIH, sobretudo os que apresentam valores baixos na contagem das células T CD4 basais, devem ser rigorosamente monitorizados devido ao risco de MSC.
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Çetin et al. (2020) conducted a case-control in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (n=160). HIV infection vs. Healthy individuals was evaluated on Tp-e interval, Tp-ec interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio (p=<0.001). HIV infection was associated with prolonged Tp-e and Tp-ec intervals and a higher Tp-e/QT ratio compared to healthy controls (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p=0.021, respectively).
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