Simple transformation of the rice false smut fungus Villosiclava virens by electroporation of intact conidia

A simple procedure is reported for transformation of the rice false smut fungus Villosiclava virens (anamorph: Ustilaginoidea virens) using electroporation of intact conidial cells. The transformation vector pCB1004eGFP was constructed with a green fluorescent protein (eGFP) gene under a constitutive promoter of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene of Cochliobolus heterostrophus.When a linearized vectorwas applied, eGFP-expressing transformants were successfully acquired. An inoculation test in rice plants showed that the eGFP-expressing transformants were able to form rice false smut balls.