SUMMARY Peripheral blood lymphocytes from each of three multiply transfused patients exhibited cell-mediated immunity against freshly explanted allogeneic cells of known HL-A type. Lymphocytes from each donor damaged target cells obtained from siblings of identical HL-A genotype, as well as target cells obtained from unrelated persons of nonidentical HL-A type. Specificity of the reactions was demonstrated by the failure of immune lymphocytes to damage autologous cells. Target cell damage resulted from direct cell-mediated cytotoxicity independent of conventional complement-dependent antibody and other cell-free toxins. Cell-mediated cytotoxicity tests appear to detect membrane differences not detected by conventional HL-A typing.
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Wunderlich et al. (1972) studied this question.