Principles of operation and analysis of switched-capacitor circuits

The principles involved in switched-capacitor circuit operation are examined with emphasis on physical insight rather than mathematical abstraction, albeit without sacrificing rigor, generality, and accuracy. Detailed time waveforms are extensively used. Input-output difference equations are discussed. After a complete time domain description, it is shown that a frequency-domain description becomes trivial through the use of phasors; z-transforms are avoided. Equivalent systems are derived. Analysis techniques are developed in parallel with the investigation of circuit properties.