China's Tariff “Zeroing” toward Africa: Trajectory, Considerations, and Prospects — A Study from an African Perspective

China's extension of zero-tariff treatment to all African countries maintaining diplomatic relations marks a significant evolution in its preferential trade policy toward Africa and represents an important institutional development in China-Africa economic cooperation. This article examines the historical trajectory and underlying rationale of China's zero-tariff policy, focusing on how political, economic, and strategic considerations have shaped its transition from preferential arrangements for least developed countries to comprehensive tariff liberalization for African diplomatic partners. Drawing on process tracing, thematic analysis, and comparative policy analysis of official policy documents, Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) declarations, trade statistics, and relevant academic literature, the study argues that the policy reflects China's broader strategy of promoting South-South cooperation, expanding market openness, and strengthening long-term economic engagement with Africa amid growing global trade protectionism. Rather than assessing policy outcomes that remain too recent for empirical evaluation, the article analyzes the institutional logic, policy evolution, and implementation challenges associated with the new tariff framework. It further discusses opportunities and potential risks identified in existing policy debates, including rules-of-origin enforcement, trade compliance, and implementation capacity, while highlighting the importance of sustained China-Africa institutional cooperation in supporting the policy's effective implementation.