Key result
Analysis of canine tissues showed coefficients of variation for cardiac enzymes (CK, LD, AST, GPI) between 8.2% and 13.5%, and hepatic enzymes (AST, GPI, ALT) between 11.6% and 17.0%.
The study demonstrates that despite interindividual and site-specific variations, specific enzymes like LD for the heart can be used to estimate organ damage.
LD supports cardiac damage estimation in canines despite variability; leaves open human translation.
When organ damage is assessed from activities of tissue enzymes in plasma, it is assumed that variations in tissue enzyme content, both among individuals and between different sites within an organ, are small. We checked these assumptions, using canine heart and liver. We determined creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2), lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.27), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; EC 2.6.1.1), and glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI; EC 5.3.1.9) in different sites of different hearts; the results showed CVs of 9.3, 9.1, 13.5, and 8.2%, respectively. A small transmural gradient in CK is found in the left ventricle. Determination of AST, GPI, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT; EC 2.6.1.2) in different sites of different livers gave CVs of 12.5, 17.0, and 11.6%, respectively. Most of the total variation is interindividual. The unreliability of early data and conflicting reports on transmural myocardial enzyme gradients are discussed. We conclude that by use of proper enzymes, such as LD for the heart and ALT for the liver, organ damage can be estimated, although there are inherent problems in relating enzyme release to loss of tissue mass.
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Visser et al. (1981) studied Organ damage. Tissue enzyme content variation was evaluated on Coefficient of variation (CV) of enzyme activities. Analysis of canine tissues showed coefficients of variation for cardiac enzymes (CK, LD, AST, GPI) between 8.2% and 13.5%, and hepatic enzymes (AST, GPI, ALT) between 11.6% and 17.0%.
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