Synthesis of Core–Shell Nanoparticles with Polystyrene Core and PEO Corona from Core-Crosslinked Micelles by the RAFT Process

Core–shell nanoparticles have been synthesized by core crosslinking of micelles. The underlying block copolymer, poly(oligo(ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate))-block-polystyrene (POEGMA-b-PS), was synthesized successfully by the reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process, using POEGMA as a macro-RAFT agent. The block copolymers were self-assembled into micelles in aqueous media and the resulting micelles and the RAFT endgroup, located in the core of the micelle, were used for the subsequent crosslinking step using a crosslinker, divinyl benzene (DVB). The rate of the crosslinking reaction was found to be slow with less than 20% conversion being achieved after 72 h. Nevertheless, crosslinked micelles were obtained and only a small fraction of free block copolymers remained. Cytotoxicity tests confirmed the biocompatibility of the prepared core-crosslinked micelles. In addition the crosslinked micelles were taken up by L929 cells without causing any signs of cell damage.