Key result
Modification of cardiovascular risk factors through diet, lifestyle, and pharmacological therapies improves both endothelial function and coronary artery disease outcomes.
Endothelial dysfunction is an early, modifiable event in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis that can be targeted by lifestyle and pharmacological interventions.
May support endothelial-targeted risk factor modification in CAD; leaves open confirmation in prospective randomized trials.
Endothelial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as an early event in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. This observation is consistent with the growing appreciation of the role of endothelium in maintaining cardiovascular health. Endothelial dysfunction and coronary artery disease are both linked to hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, and cigarette smoking. Modification of these conditions improves both endothelial function and coronary artery disease outcomes. Dietary and lifestyle modifications and antioxidant vitamin supplementation have a beneficial effect on endothelial function, as do angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and lipid-lowering agents. Future studies will determine whether interventions that specifically target endothelial dysfunction can reduce rates of clinical disease.
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Carl J. Pepine (1998) conducted a review in Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Risk factor modification (diet, lifestyle, antioxidants, ACE inhibitors, lipid-lowering agents) was evaluated. Modification of cardiovascular risk factors through diet, lifestyle, and pharmacological therapies improves both endothelial function and coronary artery disease outcomes.
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