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One hundred and seventy-six children aged 5-14 years and their mothers participated in a longitudinal study of children exposed to differing levels of parental conflict and violence. Both accumulation and habituation models of change over 11 months were considered. In general, results fit better with an accumulation model of effect. While trauma symptoms and behavior problems declined across follow-up, school performance also declined. For exposed children, protective factors appear to be male gender, attending more treatment sessions, and the lack of ongoing violence. Results are consistent with previous longitudinal studies of exposed children.
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B. B. Robbie Rossman (2001) studied this question.
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