Pacemaker endocarditis: an important clinical entity: Figure 1

Pacemaker endocarditis remains a rare but potentially life threatening complication of pacemaker implantation. This case illustrates a rare cause of pacemaker endocarditis, Serratia marcescens, the management difficulties that can be faced with such organisms, and the potential indolent nature of pacemaker lead associated endocarditis. A review of the current data for pacemaker endocarditis management suggests that treatment with antimicrobials alone is unlikely to be curative and explantation of the device is recommended in all cases of confirmed pacemaker endocarditis (by echocardiography, in correlation with the patient's clinical condition and inflammatory markers).