Key result
In asymptomatic nondiabetic South Indian adults, obesity, high total cholesterol, and elevated CRP were independently associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Why the study?
NAFLD is a common, rapidly increasing chronic disease worldwide, but risk factors associated with it in nondiabetic populations from South India needed investigation.
Cross-Sectional (n=345)
Yes
In asymptomatic nondiabetic South Indian participants, the prevalence of NAFLD is 22%, and it is independently associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, and elevated CRP levels.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May inform risk stratification in South Indian nondiabetics; leaves open causal inference and need for prospective validation.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic disease that is rapidly increasing worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors associated with NAFLD in nondiabetics from South India. We recruited 345 asymptomatic participants consecutively, and the study period was between January 2014 and December 2017. All participants underwent risk factor evaluation, fasting serum lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin A1c, liver function test, and abdominal ultrasound. Of 345 participants, men represented 213 (71%). The mean age of the participants was 58.4±11.1 years, with age range from 24–68 years. Prevalence of NAFLD was seen in 22%. On risk factor evaluation, 107 (31%) were hypertensive, 89 (25.7%) smoked, 52 (15%) were overweight, 110 (24.9%) were obese, and 113 (32.7%) had dyslipidemia. The mean CRP was 12.7±9.5 mg/l. High γ-glutamyl transferase levels, elevated CRP levels, obesity (45, 59.2%), high total cholesterol (49, 64.4%), low levels of high-density lipoprotein (28, 36.8%), high levels of low-density lipoprotein (27, 35.5%), and high triglycerides (31, 40.7%) were significantly associated with NALFD compared with non-NAFLD. After adjustment using multiple regression analysis, obesity (odds ratio: 3.5; 95% CI: 2.18–6.16), high total cholesterol [odds ratio: 4.9; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.91–9.43], low high-density lipoprotein (odds ratio: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.20–4.47), high low-density lipoprotein (odds ratio: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.58–6.17), high triglycerides (odds ratio: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.33–4.60), and elevated CRP levels (odds ratio: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.21–3.39) were significantly associated with NAFLD. Our study established obesity, CRP positivity, and dyslipidemia as independently associated with NAFLD in South Indian patients.
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Bandaru et al. (2019) conducted a cross-sectional in Asymptomatic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (n=345). Obesity vs. Non-obese was evaluated on Presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (OR 3.5, 95% CI 2.18-6.16). In asymptomatic nondiabetic South Indian adults, obesity, high total cholesterol, and elevated CRP were independently associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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