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Thiophene monomers with an azobenzene moiety of different spacer length at the 3‐position of the thiophene ring were synthesized. The monomers were polymerized and copolymerized with 3‐hexyl thiophene to investigate the influence of an azobenzene side‐chain on the properties of polythiophene, which has been widely used as a conducting polymer and has also been found many other applications. The polymers were characterized with UV‐vis, FT‐IR spectrophotometry, gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) analysis, DSC, TGA, elemental analysis and X‐ray diffractometry. The polymers showed novel thermochromic and photoresponsive properties in polymer solutions and solid films. It was found that an azobenzene side‐chain could bring about substantial thermochromic and photochromic changes to the polythiophene backbone as compared with non‐azobenzene side‐chain polythiophenes. These property changes could be triggered or controlled by light or heat on the basis of azobenzene trans–cis or cis–trans isomerization.
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Gan et al. (2003) studied this question.
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