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A general theory of optical-aberration tests, encompassing many well-known practical tests, is presented, utilizing the formalism of spatial filtering, employing coherent illumination. The basic diffraction integrals of the Ronchi-grating test, Foucault knife-edge test, phase Foucault knife-edge test, and the Zernike phase-contrast test are derived. Typical situations have been analyzed and numerical results are shown and discussed.
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Richard Barakat (1969) studied this question.
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