Generation of a Chirp-Controlled Terahertz Pulse by a Tapered Corrugated Wakefield Structure

Terahertz pulses with controlled spectral-temporal waveform have great potential in expanding the scope of state-of-the-art terahertz researches, such as terahertz-driven resonant and nonresonant control over matter and light, ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy, and terahertz-driven acceleration. Here, we propose and demonstrate a method to generate a prescribed terahertz chirped waveform with a well-designed tapered corrugated wakefield structure. We develop a deterministic procedure to derive the parameters of the corrugated structure that generates the desired spectral-temporal waveform with certain shape of chirp, central frequency, bandwidth, and pulse duration. The experimental results from ultrashort electron bunches passing through a well-designed tapered corrugated structure are demonstrated. Time-frequency analysis of the terahertz electric field measured by electro-optical sampling shows clear chirp from 0.38 to 0.6 THz. Calibrated measurements of the radiated energy indicate 10 {}J per pulse for an incident beam charge of 300 pC.