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September 8, 2026Critical Reviews in Food Science and NutritionOpen Access

Non-hormonal strategies for menopausal health: the role of phytoestrogens

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Authors

IHIskandar Azmy HarahapDWDaniela WeberTGTilman Grune

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Overview

Critical review demonstrates the therapeutic potential and variable efficacy of phytoestrogens in menopausal women, highlighting the need for standardized precision dosing.

Key Points

  • Critically review the molecular mechanisms, bioavailability challenges, clinical outcomes, and safety of phytoestrogens as non-hormonal alternatives to hormone therapy for menopausal health.
  • Synthesized molecular, clinical, and translational evidence on phytoestrogen activity across target organ systems.
  • Evaluated outcomes relating to bone mineral density, cardiovascular biomarkers, neuroprotection, and metabolic parameters.
  • Examined determinants of therapeutic response, focusing on bioavailability, safety, genetic variation, and gut microbiome composition.
  • Phytoestrogens exert estrogenic and anti-inflammatory effects that provide protective benefits for bone density, cardiovascular function, and metabolic homeostasis.
  • Clinical outcomes display significant inter-individual variation due to poor bioavailability, disparate gut microbiome metabolism, and distinct genetic backgrounds.
  • Developing standardized dosing frameworks and personalized, microbiome-informed approaches is necessary to establish phytoestrogens as effective, reproducible non-hormonal therapies.

Cite This Study

Harahap et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9fd75858e84d0ff5b45f54https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2026.2728287
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