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September 8, 2026Land Degradation and DevelopmentOpen Access

Land Degradation and Its Economic Impacts on Agriculture and Forestry: Exploring IoT ‐Based Mitigation Strategies

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Authors

CZChengting ZhengGZGuoqing ZhangSWShufang Wu

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Overview

Panel study shows Internet of Things capacity reduces agricultural economic losses from land degradation across 1,321 counties, highlighting smart technology as an environmental resilience tool.

Key Points

  • To examine whether adoption of the Internet of Things moderates economic losses in agriculture and forestry caused by land degradation.
  • Evaluated panel data across 1,321 mainland Chinese counties from 2011 to 2024.
  • Quantified land degradation via vegetation trends, soil erosion, desertification, and salinity, while proxying IoT capacity through policy pilots, base-station density, and innovation metrics.
  • Analyzed relationships using two-way fixed effects, staggered difference-in-differences estimators, instrumental-variable models, and spatial econometrics.
  • Greater land degradation consistently reduced county-level agricultural output, value added, employment, and capital investment.
  • Higher IoT capacity significantly mitigated these economic losses by improving resource productivity, input efficiency, risk management, and market connectivity.
  • Mitigation effects were most pronounced in ecologically fragile counties and coordinated agricultural production systems.

Cite This Study

Zheng et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9fd7e758e84d0ff5b470a2https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70860
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