Key result
A single 2 g intravenous dose of cefotetan achieved adequate tissue concentrations up to surgical anastomosis, but not upon abdominal closure, during colorectal surgery.
Why the study?
Does a single 2 g IV dose of cefotetan provide adequate tissue concentrations for antimicrobial prophylaxis throughout colorectal surgery?
Does a single 2 g IV dose of cefotetan provide adequate tissue concentrations for antimicrobial prophylaxis throughout colorectal surgery?
A single 2 g IV dose of cefotetan may not provide adequate antimicrobial coverage through the end of colorectal surgery, prompting a recommendation for an additional 1 g dose before closure.
Single 2 g cefotetan may not cover full colorectal surgery duration; hypothesis-generating for redosing protocols.
The pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of cefotetan were studied after a single injection of 2 g given intravenously for antimicrobial prophylaxis to 16 consecutive patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Concentrations in tissue greater than or equal to the MIC for 90% of the main pathogens tested were considered adequate. The elimination half-life at beta phase was 4.6 +/- 1.4 h, the total body clearance was 0.75 +/- 0.19 ml/kg/min, and the volume of distribution was 260 +/- 71 ml/kg. At the time of incision (33 +/- 16 min after the injection), cefotetan concentrations were 14.2 +/- 7 micrograms/g in abdominal-wall fat, 16.4 +/- 1 micrograms/g in epiploic fat, and 163 +/- 62 mg/liter in serum. At the time of surgical anastomosis (151 +/- 54 min), cefotetan concentrations were 33.3 +/- 6 micrograms/g in the colonic wall and 73 +/- 34 mg/liter in serum. Upon closure of the abdomen (216 +/- 76 min), cefotetan concentrations were 6.3 +/- 3 micrograms/g in abdominal-wall fat, 6.1 +/- 4 micrograms/g in epiploic fat, and 64 +/- 38 mg/liter in serum. Cefotetan tissue penetration was 10% into abdominal and epiploic fat and 46% into the colonic wall. Levels in tissue were compared with the MIC for 90% of the most frequently encountered pathogenic germs (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacteroides fragilis, and Escherichia coli). Adequate concentrations in tissue were obtained up to anastomosis but not upon closure. The authors therefore recommend the injection of an additional dose of 1 g before closure in order to ensure optimal efficacy throughout the surgical procedure.
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Martín et al. (1992) studied Colorectal surgery (n=16). Cefotetan was evaluated on Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of cefotetan. A single 2 g intravenous dose of cefotetan achieved adequate tissue concentrations up to surgical anastomosis, but not upon abdominal closure, during colorectal surgery.
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