The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Parkia Speciosa Hassk. Seeds on Blood Lipid Profile and Histopathology of Liver in High-Fat Diet-Induced Male Wistar Rats

Objective: Parkia speciosa contains compounds such as oleic acid, β-sitosterol, and flavonoids that are beneficial as antidyslipidemic agents. This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extract of P. speciosa seeds on total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL levels, and the histopathology of the liver in rats induced by high-fat diet.Material and Method: A total of 24 test animals were divided into 6 groups: normal control, negative control, positive control (simvastatin 0.9 mg/kg), and ethanol extract (doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg). Induction used lard, and quail egg yolk was given to all groups except the normal group. Induction and extract were administered for 45 days. The blood was collected at day 0 and 46 for lipid profile examination. The cellular condition of the liver was observed.Result and Discussion: Among other treatment groups, extract 100 mg/kg gave the best prevention of the increase in total cholesterol levels, and the highest decrease in triglyceride levels was in the extract 200 mg/kg group, although these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, the highest decrease in LDL levels was observed in the extract 300 mg/kg group, significantly different from day 0 (p<0.05). The highest increase in HDL levels was found in the extract 100 mg/kg group (p>0.05). The histopathological results of the liver showed no damage except in the positive control, which experienced hydropic degeneration.