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September 8, 2026International Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthOpen Access

Hypertension assessment reveals a knowledge-practice gap with only ~46% following a hypertension-specific diet.

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Why the study?

Hypertension control is particularly poor in disadvantaged communities, where sustaining lifestyle changes and treatment adherence remains difficult despite generally high awareness.

Population

107 adults with hypertension attending public primary health care facilities

Design

Cross-sectional descriptive study

Key result

Assessment of socioeconomic and behavioral factors in adults with hypertension revealed a knowledge-practice gap, with 86.9% awareness but only 45.8% following a hypertension-specific diet.

Authors

AYAphiwe Khaya YekaniLFLindiwe FayeNSNcomeka Sineke

Discussion

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Overview

May guide targeted strategies in disadvantaged communities; leaves open causal effects of education on hypertension control.

Key Points

  • To identify socioeconomic, behavioral, and health system factors driving hypertension management and explore community-engaged education to support primary care.
  • Conducted a cross-sectional descriptive survey among N=107 hypertensive adults attending public primary health care clinics.
  • Assessed socioeconomic status, healthcare access, medication adherence, lifestyle behaviors, and hypertension knowledge.
  • Identified determinants of clinic attendance, dietary adherence, and self-management using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression.
  • Disease awareness was 86.9% and trust in clinic care reached 91.6% among participants.
  • A marked knowledge–practice gap was present: 79.4% acknowledged the necessity of lifestyle modification, yet only 45.8% adhered to a hypertension-specific diet.
  • Structural barriers compromised self-management, with 39.3% of participants reporting low income.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=107)

Structured PICO

P
Population
107 adults with hypertension attending public primary health care facilities in a disadvantaged rural community.
O
Outcome
Socioeconomic, behavioural, and health system factors associated with hypertension managementpatient reported

Despite high awareness of hypertension and trust in healthcare, significant knowledge-practice gaps and structural barriers such as low income hinder effective lifestyle modifications in disadvantaged rural communities.

Cite This Study

Yekani et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=107). Socioeconomic, behavioural, and health system factors was evaluated on Clinic attendance, dietary adherence, lifestyle practices, and self-management. Assessment of socioeconomic and behavioral factors in adults with hypertension revealed a knowledge-practice gap, with 86.9% awareness but only 45.8% following a hypertension-specific diet.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa0091858e84d0ff5b47c0fhttps://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph23091165
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Knowledge, attitudes and practices on hypertension among patients in a district hospital2025 · 4 citations
  2. 2Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to hypertension among residents of a disadvantaged rural community in southern Zimbabwe2019 · 71 citations
  3. 3Knowledge, attitudes and practices of hypertension in a community based cross sectional study done in Ward 14, Gwanda District, Matebeleland South, Zimbabwe2019
  4. 4Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices and Blood Pressure Control of Hypertensive Patients at a South African Primary Health Care Centre2020 · 1 citations
  5. 5Abstract FR468: Utilizing a Health Equity Framework to Explore Patient-Level Factors Impacting Effective Hypertension Management Across Two Academic Health Systems2025