Key result
High-intensity interval training significantly improved the maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max) compared with moderate-intensity continuous training in older adults.
Why the study?
To evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, physical fitness, and health-related outcomes in older adults.
Does high-intensity interval training improve cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, physical fitness, and metabolic parameters in older adults compared to moderate-intensity continuous training or sedentary control?
Meta-Analysis (n=1,000)
Does high-intensity interval training improve cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, physical fitness, and metabolic parameters in older adults compared to moderate-intensity continuous training or sedentary control?
Mean Difference: 2.04 (95% CI 1.01–3.07)
p-value: p=<0.001
High-intensity interval training induces favorable adaptations in cardiorespiratory fitness, physical fitness, and metabolic parameters in older adults, with greater improvements in VO2max compared to moderate-intensity continuous training.
HIIT enhances cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic health in older adults; extends RCT evidence supporting its use over moderate continuous training.
Background: This review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, physical fitness, and health-related outcomes in older adults. Methods: Four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science) were searched (until Oct 2019) for randomized trials comparing the effect of HIIT on physical fitness, metabolic parameters, and cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies; Stata 14.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results: HIIT significantly improved the maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO 2max ) compared with a moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) protocol (HIIT vs. MICT: weighted mean difference = 2.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.01-3.07, p < 0.001). Additional subgroup analyses determined that training periods > 12 wks, training frequencies of 2 sessions/wk, session lengths of 40 min, 6 sets and repetitions, training times per repetition of > 60 s, and rest times of < 90 s are more effective for VO 2max . Conclusions:This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that HIIT induces favorable adaptions in cardiorespiratory fitness, physical fitness, muscle power, cardiac contractile function, and citrate synthase activities in older individuals which may help to maintain aerobic fitness and slow down the process of sarcopenia.
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Wu et al. (2020) conducted a meta-analysis in Healthy older adults (n=1,000). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs. Moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) was evaluated on Maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max) (WMD 2.04, 95% CI 1.01-3.07, p=<0.001). High-intensity interval training significantly improved the maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max) compared with moderate-intensity continuous training in older adults.
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