Key result
This review discusses the epidemiology and association of metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotypes with the risk of cardiovascular diseases and death.
Why the study?
The expediency of separating and the existence of metabolically healthy versus metabolically unhealthy obesity phenotypes in relation to cardiovascular risk remain widely debated.
This review summarizes current approaches to defining metabolic phenotypes of obesity and their respective associations with cardiovascular disease and mortality.
Obesity phenotypes differ in cardiovascular risk; leaves open whether metabolically healthy status alters clinical stratification or management.
Obesity is associated with numerous metabolic disorders, the development and progression of a wide range of conditions and diseases, primarily cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. One of the widely discussed phenomena of the association of obesity with cardiovascular diseases, their complications and mortality is the phenomenon of “heterogeneity of obesity phenotypes in relation to cardiovascular risk”. Currently, two main phenotypes have been identified — metabolically healthy and metabolically unhealthy obesity. At the same time, not only the expediency of separation, but also the existence of this phenotype is widely discussed today. The article provides an overview of existing approaches to the verification of metabolic phenotypes of obesity and data relating to the epidemiology and the association of metabolically healthy obesity with the risk of cardiovascular diseases and death, and also discusses the factors that determine the features of the obesity phenotype.
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Druzhilov et al. (2019) conducted a review in Obesity and cardiovascular risk. Metabolically healthy and metabolically unhealthy obesity phenotypes was evaluated. This review discusses the epidemiology and association of metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotypes with the risk of cardiovascular diseases and death.
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