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A 19F NMR indicator for protons and metal ions, 1-fluoro-2,6-bis(methylene-iminodiacetate)benzene is prepared which experiences large shifts of the 19F NMR resonances upon protonation or complexation of metal ions, probably owing to metal–fluorine σ-donor bonds.
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Plenio et al. (1994) studied this question.
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