Key result
Female sex in patients aged <55 years with AMI was associated with a narrowing of in-hospital mortality disparity compared to males, reaching an RR of 1.03 (95% CI 0.90-1.18) in 2005-2006.
Why the study?
How do age and sex influence in-hospital mortality trends for acute myocardial infarction?
Observational
Yes
How do age and sex influence in-hospital mortality trends for acute myocardial infarction?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
In-hospital AMI mortality rates declined from 1997 to 2006 for all age and sex groups except males under 55, with the historical female-male mortality disparity narrowing significantly.
Background. Literature regarding the influence of age/sex on mortality trends for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) hospitalizations is limited to hospitals participating in voluntary AMI registries. Objective. Evaluate the impact of age and sex on in-hospital AMI mortality using a nationally representative hospital sample. Methods. Secondary data analysis using AMI hospitalizations identified from the Nationwide-Inpatient-Sample (NIS). Descriptive and Cox proportional hazards analysis explored mortality trends by age and sex from 1997-2006 while adjusting for the influence of, demographics, co-morbidity, length of hospital stay and hospital characteristics. Results. From 1997-2006, in-hospital AMI mortality rates decreased across time in all subgroups (P < .001), except for males aged <55 years. The greatest decline was observed in females aged <55 years, compared to similarly aged males, mortality outcomes were poorer in 1997-1998 (RR 1.47, 95% CI = 1.30-1.66), when compared with 2005-2006 (RR 1.03, 95% CI = 0.90-1.18), adjusted P value for trend demonstrated a statistically significant decline in the relative AMI mortality risk for females when compared with males (<0.001). Conclusion. Over the last decade, in-hospital AMI mortality rates declined for every age/sex group except males <55 years. While AMI female-male mortality disparity has narrowed, some room for improvement remains.
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Ani et al. (2010) conducted an observational in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Female sex vs. Male sex was evaluated on in-hospital AMI mortality (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.90-1.18, p=<0.001). Female sex in patients aged <55 years with AMI was associated with a narrowing of in-hospital mortality disparity compared to males, reaching an RR of 1.03 (95% CI 0.90-1.18) in 2005-2006.
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