Key result
A cytological examination of aspirated pulmonary artery blood successfully diagnosed pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy antemortem in a patient with advanced gastric cancer.
Case Report (n=1)
No
Right heart catheterization with cytological examination of aspirated pulmonary artery blood is a useful, minimally invasive method for the antemortem diagnosis of pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy.
PTTM warrants consideration in cancer patients with unexplained PH; this single case leaves open the need for prospective diagnostic criteria.
A 66-year-old Japanese man receiving systemic chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer presented with exertional dyspnea. D-dimer was elevated in the blood. Echocardiography revealed pulmonary hypertension, and a ventilation-perfusion scan indicated decreased perfusion in the bilateral lungs. Cardiac catheterization showed no evidence of pulmonary artery embolization and revealed cytologically confirmed adenocarcinoma. Thus, pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) was diagnosed. The patient died of respiratory failure on the 17th hospitalization day despite systemic chemotherapy. Retrospective serological testing revealed increased vascular endothelial growth factor in the pulmonary artery blood. This is a rare case with antemortem cytologically proven PTTM mediated by VEGF.
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Mitsui et al. (2021) conducted a case report in Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) due to gastric cancer (n=1). Cytological examination of aspirated pulmonary artery blood was evaluated on Antemortem diagnosis of PTTM. A cytological examination of aspirated pulmonary artery blood successfully diagnosed pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy antemortem in a patient with advanced gastric cancer.
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