Key result
A novel spatio-temporal mathematical model accurately simulated thrombus deposition, demonstrating excellent spatial and temporal agreement with both in vivo and in vitro experimental observations.
The proposed multi-constituent mathematical model accurately simulates thrombus formation and growth, providing a potential tool for designing less thrombogenic blood-wetted devices.
May aid in silico design of less thrombogenic devices; leaves open human translation from animal benchmarks.
In this paper, we present a spatio-temporal mathematical model for simulating the formation and growth of a thrombus. Blood is treated as a multi-constituent mixture comprised of a linear fluid phase and a thrombus (solid) phase. The transport and reactions of 10 chemical and biological species are incorporated using a system of coupled convection-reaction-diffusion (CRD) equations to represent three processes in thrombus formation: initiation, propagation and stabilization. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations using the libraries of OpenFOAM were performed for two illustrative benchmark problems: in vivo thrombus growth in an injured blood vessel and in vitro thrombus deposition in micro-channels (1.5mm x 1.6mm x 0.1mm) with small crevices (125μm x 75μm and 125μm x 137μm). For both problems, the simulated thrombus deposition agreed very well with experimental observations, both spatially and temporally. Based on the success with these two benchmark problems, which have very different flow conditions and biological environments, we believe that the current model will provide useful insight into the genesis of thrombosis in blood-wetted devices, and provide a tool for the design of less thrombogenic devices.
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Wu et al. (2016) studied Thrombosis. Spatio-temporal mathematical model of thrombus deposition vs. Experimental observations was evaluated on Spatial and temporal agreement of simulated thrombus deposition with experimental observations. A novel spatio-temporal mathematical model accurately simulated thrombus deposition, demonstrating excellent spatial and temporal agreement with both in vivo and in vitro experimental observations.
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