Drug Utilization Review and Cost Analysis of Anticancer Drugs Used in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

The present study aimed to evaluate the trends and pattern of prescribing of anticancer drugs. The objectives of the study were to assess the rational use of anticancer drugs, to identify various types of cancer and to estimate the cost distribution of anticancer drugs. An observational, prospective study was conducted in 200 patients in oncology department. Data were collected from case reports, prescriptions and medication charts in specially designed forms. Out of 200 patients enrolled, majority were female (59.5 %) in the age group of 40-60 years (52 %). Gastrointestinal tract cancers (25 %) were most commonly observed, followed by breast cancer (18.5%) and genitourinary cancers (16.5 %). Cisplatin (35 %) was the most commonly prescribed anticancer drug, followed by paclitaxel (18.5 %), carboplatin (14 %), 5-flourouracil (12.5 %) and oxaliplatin (7.5%). Ranitidine, dexamethasone and ondansetron were used as palliative therapy either to prevent or manage the adverse reactions of the anticancer drugs. Trastuzumab contribute to the major cost (Rs. 4 50 000) in the drug therapy. The average cost of drug per prescription was Rs. 11 135. The overall prescribing indicators pointed that the average number of total drugs, anticancer drugs and antibiotics were 12.22, 1.73 and 0.43 respectively. The usage of drugs was found to be rational and about 99.38% of the drugs used were from the hospital formulary. The prescribing habits were appropriate and were in accordance with WHO guidelines. The present study appeared to support best prescribing practices in order to promote cost effective treatment and better health care delivery.