Cold Model Study of Characteristics in LD Converter with Bottom Blowing

Cold model experiments have been conducted to evaluate the influences of flow rate of bottom-blown gas, number and configuration of tuyeres, bath depth and top blowing conditions on mixing characteristics arid splash behavior in top blowing converter with bottom blowing.In such shallow bath as that in LD converter, mixing rate depends mainly upon flow rate of bottom-blown gas, and is not strongly influenced by other factors.Splash behavior is determined, however, by top blowing conditions.Combined blowing can be optimized when ca. 10% of total oxygen is blown from the bottom, the balance being blown from the top with lance situated higher than normal.Efficiency of utilization of the energy of top-blown gas for the mixing of the bath is considered to be much smaller, about one tenth, of that of bottom-blown gas.