A monolithic technique is presented for simultaneous mode and polarisation control in oxide-confined VCSELs using a locally etched sub-wavelength surface grating. A single-fundamental-mode emission with an SMSR >30 dB and an OPSR ∼20 dB is achieved over the entire operational current range, with a maximum output power of 4.1 mW.
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Haglund et al. (2005) studied this question.
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