Key result
Neutralizing monoclonal antibody maps the minimal DHAV-1 VP3 B-cell epitope to the conserved PSNI sequence.
The identification of the DHAV-1 type-specific epitope PSNI on the VP3 protein provides a basis for developing epitope-based vaccines and diagnostic kits for duck hepatitis A virus infection.
mAbs to VP3 enable epitope mapping; leaves open diagnostic or vaccine translation in ducks.
Duck hepatitis A subtype 1 virus (DHAV-1) infection causes high mortality in ducklings, resulting in significant losses to duck industries. VP3 is a structural protein of DHAV-1. However, B-cell epitopes on VP3 have not been investigated. To stimulate VP3 antibody response, eukaryotic expression plasmid pCI-neo-VP3 was constructed and used as DNA immunogen to prepare mAbs. Western blot showed that 25.5 kDa VP3 could be detected by mAbs in duck embryo fibroblast (DEF) cells transfected with pCI-neo-VP3. Immunofluorescence assay showed that mAbs could specifically bind to DEF cells infected with DHAV-1. DAPI staining indicated that VP3 localizes to the cytoplasm and nucleus of DHAV-1 infected DEF. With neutralizing mAb 3B7, minimal epitope PSNI was mapped. Sequence alignment indicated that 205PSNI208 is highly conserved among DHAV-1, but different from those of DHAV-2 and DHAV-3. Epitope peptide reacted specifically with DHAV-1-positive duck sera by dot blotting, revealing PSNI is DHAV-1 type-specific epitope and the importance of these amino acids in antibody-epitope binding reactivity. These findings provided useful information for understanding the antigenicity of VP3 and might be valuable in the development of epitope-based vaccine or diagnostic kit for DHAV-1 infection and provide insights for understanding the pathogenesis of DHAV-1.
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Wu et al. (2017) studied Duck Hepatitis A Type 1 Virus (DHAV-1) infection. pCI-neo-VP3 plasmid DNA immunization was evaluated on Identification of VP3 B-cell epitope. Using a neutralizing monoclonal antibody, the minimal B-cell epitope of the DHAV-1 VP3 protein was mapped to the highly conserved PSNI sequence, which is specific to DHAV-1.
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