Key result
Increased body mass index (the obesity paradox) was confirmed as a prognostically favorable factor in heart failure, although specific pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear.
Why the study?
Although studies show an obesity paradox across cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear and research leaves more questions than answers.
Does increased body mass index confer a prognostically favorable effect (obesity paradox) in patients with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2?
Does increased body mass index confer a prognostically favorable effect (obesity paradox) in patients with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2?
This review highlights the existence of the obesity paradox in cardiovascular diseases, particularly confirming it in heart failure, while noting the lack of clear pathogenic mechanisms.
Challenges uniform adverse BMI assumptions in CVD; leaves open causal mechanisms and clinical translation pending higher-level evidence.
Obesity and overweight are severe problems in modern life. Research, clinical guidelines, and reviews present obesity as an adverse prognostic factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. However, there is growing evidence that an increased body mass index can be a prognostically favorable factor for some conditions. A lot of such works are related to diseases for which increased body weight is the most significant risk factor. This phenomenon has been called the “obesity paradox”. Although many studies show this paradox, there are no specific pathogenic mechanisms that could confirm this phenomenon. The research leaves more questions than answers. This review contains their analysis in the following nosologies: arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, diabetes mellitus type 2. The objectives of this study are to identify problems with existing research and find ways to explain the obesity paradox. A literature search was carried out on the databases of PubMed. To assess the problems of modern research, clinical studies were analyzed. To find the causes of this paradox, literature reviews were examined. The obesity paradox has been confirmed in heart failure.
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Zaikina et al. (2021) conducted a review in Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2. Increased body mass index (obesity) was evaluated. Increased body mass index (the obesity paradox) was confirmed as a prognostically favorable factor in heart failure, although specific pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear.
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