Key result
Malnourished children had a significantly lower response to chaotic global metrics of heart rate variability compared to eutrophic controls (Cohen's ds -1.57), suggesting impaired autonomic function.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to assess chaotic global metrics of heart rate variability in malnourished children following power spectral manipulations.
Does heart rate variability analysis using chaotic global metrics discriminate between malnourished and healthy children?
Cross-Sectional (n=70)
Does heart rate variability analysis using chaotic global metrics discriminate between malnourished and healthy children?
Standardized Mean Difference: -1.57
p-value: p=<0.01
Malnourished children exhibit impaired autonomic function as detected by chaotic global metrics of heart rate variability, specifically CFP3 using MTM power spectra.
Chaotic global HRV metrics may detect autonomic impairment in malnourished children; hypothesis-generating and should not yet change practice.
Background and Aim: The study objective was to assess chaotic global metrics in malnourished children following power spectral manipulations. Methods: We evaluated the complexity of heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) in malnourished subjects via six power spectra (Welch, multi-taper method (MTM), Burg, covariance, Yule-Walker, and periodogram) and then, when adjusted by the MTM parameters, for further refinement. Seventy children were split equally (controls & malnourished) and the HR was monitored for 20 min; 1000 RR-intervals were attained for HRV analysis. Results: The results stipulate that CFP1 (chaotic forward parameter) and CFP3 are the best metrics to distinguish the two groups. The most appropriate power spectra were Welch, MTM, and Yule-Walker. Results indicate that CFP3 calculated using MTM power spectra is the best combination to discriminate between the two groups. Yet, if the RR intervals are set to 400, discrete prolate spheroidal sequences (DPSS) to 3, and Thomson’s nonlinear combination to ‘adaptive’, a greater level of significance can be achieved (Cohen’s ds = -1.57). This significantly outperforms that under default conditions (Glass’s ∆ Delta = -1.06, and Cohen’s ds = -0.95). Conclusion: Malnourished children have a lower response to chaotic global metrics than the control group. CFP3 with the aforementioned settings is the best combination to discriminate between these groups on the basis of RR intervals. It has the greatest significance by Cohen’s ds. Our data suggest impaired autonomic function in malnourished children, which may have consequences for cardiovascular risks.
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Garner et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Malnutrition (n=70). Malnutrition vs. Eutrophic children was evaluated on Chaotic forward parameter 3 (CFP3) of heart rate variability using multi-taper method (MTM) (Cohen's ds -1.57, p=<0.01). Malnourished children had a significantly lower response to chaotic global metrics of heart rate variability compared to eutrophic controls (Cohen's ds -1.57), suggesting impaired autonomic function.
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