Key result
Submergence in frogs induces bradycardia, accentuated by hypoxia, hypercapnia, and breathing cessation.
Authors
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Extends amphibian hypoxia physiology; leaves open translation to mammalian or clinical apnea responses.
Jones et al. (1964) studied this question. Submergence, oxygen lack, and carbon dioxide excess was evaluated on Heart rate and ability to remain submerged. Submergence in frogs results in bradycardia developing over 15-30 minutes, which is accentuated by oxygen lack or carbon dioxide excess and influenced by cessation of breathing movements.
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